本篇文章为大家展示了Python中如何使用requsets获取知乎最有价值的内容，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
一 前言
使用requsets 爬取知乎中最优价值的内容，写一段获取内容的python程序。
二 践行
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
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import re
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import requests
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import os
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from urlparse import urlsplit
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from os.path import basename
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def getHtml(url):
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session = requests.Session()
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# 模拟浏览器访问
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header = {
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'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.101 Safari/537.36",
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'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate'}
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res = session.get(url, headers=header)
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if res.status_code == 200:
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content = res.content
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else:
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content = ''
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return content
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def mkdir(path):
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if not os.path.exists(path):
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print '新建文件夹:', path
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os.makedirs(path)
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return True
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else:
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print u"图片存放于:", os.getcwd() + os.sep + path
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return False
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def download_pic(img_lists, dir_name):
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print "一共有 {num} 张照片".format(num=len(img_lists))
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for image_url in img_lists:
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response = requests.get(image_url, stream=True)
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if response.status_code == 200:
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image = response.content
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else:
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continue
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file_name = dir_name + os.sep + basename(urlsplit(image_url)[2])
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try:
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with open(file_name, "wb") as picture:
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picture.write(image)
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except IOError:
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print("IO Error\n")
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return
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finally:
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picture.close
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print "下载 {pic_name} 完成!".format(pic_name=file_name)
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def getAllImg(html):
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# 利用正则表达式把源代码中的图片地址过滤出来
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#reg = r'data-actualsrc="(.*?)">'
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reg = r'https://pic\d.zhimg.com/[a-fA-F0-9]{5,32}_\w+.jpg'
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imgre = re.compile(reg, re.S)
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tmp_list = imgre.findall(html) # 表示在整个网页中过滤出所有图片的地址，放在imglist中
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# 清理掉头像和去重 获取data-original的内容
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tmp_list = list(set(tmp_list)) # 去重
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imglist = []
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for item in tmp_list:
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if item.endswith('r.jpg'):
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img_list.append(item)
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print 'num : %d' % (len(imglist))
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return imglist
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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question_id = 35990613
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zhihu_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/question/{qid}".format(qid=question_id)
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html_content = getHtml(zhihu_url)
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path = 'zhihu_pic'
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mkdir(path) # 创建本地文件夹
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img_list = getAllImg(html_content) # 获取图片的地址列表
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download_pic(img_list, path) # 保存图片
本代码还存在一些不足的地方，无法完全获取全部的图片，需要在兼容 自动点击 ”更多“ 加载更多答案。
代码第二版解决了第一版代码中不能自动加载的问题。
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
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import re
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import requests
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import os
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from urlparse import urlsplit
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from os.path import basename
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headers = {
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'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.101 Safari/537.36",
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'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate'}
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def mkdir(path):
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if not os.path.exists(path):
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print '新建文件夹:', path
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os.makedirs(path)
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return True
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else:
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print u"图片存放于:", os.getcwd() + os.sep + path
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return False
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def download_pic(img_lists, dir_name):
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print "一共有 {num} 张照片".format(num=len(img_lists))
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for image_url in img_lists:
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response = requests.get(image_url, stream=True)
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if response.status_code == 200:
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image = response.content
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else:
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continue
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file_name = dir_name + os.sep + basename(urlsplit(image_url)[2])
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try:
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with open(file_name, "wb") as picture:
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picture.write(image)
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except IOError:
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print("IO Error\n")
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continue
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finally:
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picture.close
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print "下载 {pic_name} 完成!".format(pic_name=file_name)
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def get_image_url(qid, headers):
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# 利用正则表达式把源代码中的图片地址过滤出来
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#reg = r'data-actualsrc="(.*?)">'
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tmp_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/node/QuestionAnswerListV2"
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size = 10
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image_urls = []
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session = requests.Session()
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# 利用循环自动完成需要点击 “更多” 获取所有答案，每个分页作为一个answer集合。
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while True:
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postdata = {'method': 'next', 'params': '{"url_token":' +
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str(qid) + ',"pagesize": "10",' + '"offset":' + str(size) + "}"}
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page = session.post(tmp_url, headers=headers, data=postdata)
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ret = eval(page.text)
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answers = ret['msg']
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size += 10
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if not answers:
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print "图片URL获取完毕, 页数: ", (size - 10) / 10
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return image_urls
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#reg = r'https://pic\d.zhimg.com/[a-fA-F0-9]{5,32}_\w+.jpg'
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imgreg = re.compile('data-original="(.*?)"', re.S)
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for answer in answers:
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tmp_list = []
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url_items = re.findall(imgreg, answer)
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for item in url_items: # 这里去掉得到的图片URL中的转义字符'\\'
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image_url = item.replace("\\", "")
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tmp_list.append(image_url)
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# 清理掉头像和去重 获取data-original的内容
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tmp_list = list(set(tmp_list)) # 去重
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for item in tmp_list:
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if item.endswith('r.jpg'):
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print item
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image_urls.append(item)
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print 'size: %d, num : %d' % (size, len(image_urls))
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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question_id = 26037846
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zhihu_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/question/{qid}".format(qid=question_id)
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path = 'zhihu_pic'
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mkdir(path) # 创建本地文件夹
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img_list = get_image_url(question_id, headers) # 获取图片的地址列表
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download_pic(img_list, path) # 保存图片
上述内容就是Python中如何使用requsets获取知乎最有价值的内容，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注本站行业资讯频道。